When it comes to the safety and performance of your car, tyres play a pivotal role. Maintaining them is not just about preserving the life of the tyres—it's about ensuring your road safety. Spotting a flat tyre is quite straightforward, but there are other signs of tyre trouble that you might miss if you're not paying close attention. To help you stay safe on the roads, here's a guide to identifying key signs that your car tyre may be in trouble and in need of immediate attention.
Visual Inspections: Cracks and Bulges
A visual inspection of your tyres should be part of your regular vehicle maintenance routine. Check for any visible signs of wear, such as cracks or cuts in the sidewall. Cracks can be caused by ageing or exposure to extreme temperatures and could lead to a blowout if left unattended. Equally concerning are bulges or bubbles on the tyre's surface. These often indicate that the internal structure of the tyre has been damaged, potentially from hitting a pothole or debris on the road. A bulge means that the tyre's ability to support your car's weight is compromised and puts you at risk of a sudden tyre failure.
Tread Depth Matters
The tread depth of your tyre is critical for maintaining good traction on the road. The legal minimum tread depth in the UK is 1.6 millimeters across the central three-quarters of the tyre, around its entire circumference. To check the tread depth, you can use a tread depth gauge or perform the 20p test, where you insert a 20 pence coin into the tyre's tread grooves. If the outer band of the coin is obscured, your tread is above the legal limit. However, it's better to replace tyres well before they reach this point, as stopping distances can be significantly increased even with 3mm of tread remaining.
Changes in Performance: Vibration and Noise
Have you noticed an unusual vibration or increased noise coming from your tyres as you drive? Don't dismiss this as just a rough road surface or a one-off occurrence. Vibrations can be a sign that your tyres are misaligned or unbalanced, which can lead to uneven tyre wear and reduce the lifespan of your tyres. Tyre noise can also indicate wear; if the noise becomes excessive or changes, it's an indication that there might be an issue with tyre damage or wheel alignment. Addressing these changes in performance early can prevent further complications and maintain your car's handling and safety.
Recognising the Impact of Underinflation
Driving with underinflated tyres is more than just an efficiency issue—it greatly increases the risk of tyre damage and accidents. Underinflation causes excessive stress on the tyre, leading to heat buildup and potential tyre failure. To avoid this, check your tyre pressure monthly against the manufacturer's recommended levels, which can usually be found in the vehicle’s manual or on a sticker inside the driver's door. Remember, tyre pressures should be checked when the tyres are cold for the most accurate reading.
The Dangers of Overinflation
Just like underinflated tyres, overinflated tyres are prone to damage and can negatively impact the handling of your car. They result in a smaller contact area with the road, which can reduce traction and increase your stopping distances. Moreover, overinflated tyres are more susceptible to damage from potholes and road debris. Always inflate your tyres in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations, ensuring you're not overstepping the limit.
Don't Ignore the Warning Light
Modern vehicles come equipped with a Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) that alerts you when your tyre pressure is too low. If your dashboard displays the TPMS warning light, it’s a clear sign to check your tyres and inflate them to the correct pressure. While TPMS is an excellent safeguard, it's no substitute for regular manual checks, as it usually only warns when the tyre is significantly underinflated, by which time you could have been driving on unsafe tyres for a while.
When to Seek Professional Help
If ever in doubt, or if you spot any of these warning signs but aren't sure how to proceed, it's always best to seek professional advice. Tyre specialists can provide a thorough inspection and address any issues such as repairs, or recommend replacements if necessary. It's far better to err on the side of caution when it comes to tyre safety. Remember, your tyres are the only point of contact between your car and the road – their integrity is crucial for your driving safety.
Normal Wear vs. Red Flags
Being proactive about tyre maintenance can help to identify potential problems before they arise. Not all signs of wear and tear are dangerous, but it's important to understand what's normal and what's a warning sign. Uneven wear, for example, could suggest you need an alignment or suspension service. It's normal for the rear and front tyres to wear differently due to the weight of the engine and driving patterns, but be alert to any abnormal wear which could lead to problems.
Tyres are fundamental to your driving experience, and overlooking their maintenance can have serious consequences for both safety and vehicle performance. By keeping an eye out for these warning signs, you can act swiftly to rectify tyre issues and maintain your peace of mind on the road. Regular checks, understanding the signs of tyre distress, and knowing when to consult professionals will keep you rolling safely and efficiently for many journeys to come.